Iodine intake changes urinary fluoride levels

Comments on current issues in fluoride/thyroid research.
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wendy
Posts: 162
Joined: Mon Apr 03, 2006 5:51 am

Iodine intake changes urinary fluoride levels

Post by wendy »

Urinary fluoride does not necessarily reflect fluoride intake, as iodine intake can change UF levels.

- Zhou et al. (2008) showed that the urinary fluoride levels were lower in iodine-deficient patients who were taking iodine preparations compared to normal people taking no supplements, but with identical fluoride intake.

- In the study by Sun et al (2013), when iodine supplement (salt) use was stopped for two months, urinary fluoride levels increased while urinary iodine decreased - again, with identical fluoride intake.

- Studies by Zhao on F-/I interaction in mice (1998) showed that under "fluoride-deficient" conditions, MORE fluoride is deposited in bone with increasing iodine intake, indicating less fluoride is excreted.

- Animal experiments have shown that, under conditions of excessive iodine supplementation, more fluoride is eliminated in urine, and more so in females (Cui et al., 2016), indicating higher fluoride retention in boys (approx 50%). At the same time, more iodine is retained by females, almost twice as much.
  • The same study showed:

    - When fluoride is given at low doses known to cause dental fluorosis in rodents (at sufficient iodine intake), female rats will have much higher UIC levels than boys, indicating more iodine being excreted, while at the same time having much higher urinary fluoride levels (both UIC and UF 77% higher).

    - Under high I/F conditions male rats will retain approx. 60% more fluoride than females.
Cui Yushan, Zhao Liang, Zeng Qiang, Wang Rui, Zhang Lei, Fu Gang, Feng Baojia, Liu Hongliang - "The role of oxidative stress in iodine and fluoride induced thyroid injury" Environmental and Occupational Medicine (1):7-12 (2016)
http://www.cqvip.com/QK/98530A/201601/667712011.html

Sun Ning, Chen Gan, Xie Zhiqiang, Wang Yanli, Zhang Li, Hao Zongyu, Zheng Heming - "Study on the correlation of iodine and fluoride excretion in drinking water with normal fluoride and iodine" Contemporary Medicine 18 (2013)
http://www.zutsg.com/qikan/efdcad1150f5 ... 84c1b.html

Zhou BQ, Wang WL, Zhuang JF - "Research on correlation of urinary iodine and urinary fluoride" Modern Preventive Medicine 35(17): 3411-3412 (2008)
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/xdyfyx200817064

Zhao W, Zhu H, Yu Z, Aoki K, Misumi J, Zhang X -"Long-term Effects of Various Iodine and Fluorine Doses on the Thyroid and Fluorosis in Mice" Endocr Regul 32(2):63-70 (1998)
https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0298a.pdf
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