Al-Rubbaey YA, El-Samarrai SK - "Oral health status and dental treatment needs in relation to salivary constituents and parameters among a group of patients with thyroid dysfunction" J Bagh College Dentistry, Master's Thesis 22:65-72 (2010)
https://codental.uobaghdad.edu.iq/wp-co ... NCTION.pdf
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Averyanov SV, Kamilov FK, Chemikosova TS, Junusov RR, Gileva OS - "Influence of iodine deficiency on the dental status of the adult population residing in an area with natural iodine deficiency" JCR 7(9):665-671 (2020) doi: 10.31838/jcr.07.09.130
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Beriashvili S, Nikolaishvili M, Mantskava M, Momtsemlidze N, Franchuk K - "Changes in tooth hard tissue mineralization and blood rheology in healthy adolescents and those with thyroid dysfunction" Georgian Med News (Issue):28-34 (2016)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28009312/
Bixler D, Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "The effect of radioactive iodine and dental caries in the rat" JADA 53:667 (1956)
Bixler D, Muhler JC - "The relation of systemic fluoride and thyroid gland activity to the incidence of dental caries in the rat. II: A comparison of caries incidence under paired-feeding technics" J Dent Res 36:880-882 (1957)
Bixler D, Muhler JC - "The relation of systemic fluoride and thyroid gland activity to the incidence of dental caries in the rat" J Dent Res 36:304-306 (1957)
Bixler D, Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "Effect of replacement therapy on dental caries experience of radiothyroidectomized rats" Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 93(2):328-30 (1956)
Carbone DF, Sweeney EA, Shaw JH - "The comparative influence of thyroid imbalance and limited body weight gain on submandibular gland weight, the protein components of saliva and dental caries in the rat" Arch Oral Biol 11(8):781-92 (1966)
Gabovich RD, Verzhikovskaia NV - "Effect of fluoride compounds on absorption of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland in humans and in experimental conditions" Probl Endokrinol Gormonoter 4(3):49-54 (1958)
Gulaboglu M, Akgul HM, Akgul N, Cetin M - "Urine and saliva iodine levels in patients with dental caries and normal healthy volunteers" Trace Elements and Electrolytes 29(1):28-3 (2012)
https://www.dustri.com/article_response ... X01186&L=0
"Our results suggest that iodine concentration in urine and saliva might be an indication for dental cavity, where iodine supplementation could be considered as a way of prophylaxis."
Haldi J, Wynn W, Law M - "Relationship between Thyroid Function and Resistance to Dental Caries" J Dent Res 41: 398 - 404 (1962)
http://jdr.iadrjournals.org/cgi/reprint/41/2/398.pdf
"The dental caries experience of the animals was increased by propyl thiouracil and decreased by desiccated thyroid."
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Khandare AL, Validandi V, Viswanathan G, Shankar Rao G, Balakrishna N - "Role of Carbonic Anhydrase and Triiodothyronine in Dental Caries Affected Children in Fluorosis Endemic Areas" Adv Dent & Oral Health (2018b)
DOI: 10.19080/ADOH.2018.07.555721
https://juniperpublishers.com/adoh/pdf/ ... 555721.pdf
Kshirsagar MM, Dodamani AS, Karibasappa GN, Vishwakarma PY, Vathar JB, Sonawane KR - "Assessment of Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs among Individuals with Thyroid Dysfunction in Nashik City (Maharashtra): A Cross-Sectional Study" Contemp Clin Dent 9(4):619-624 (2018)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6868612/
"Severity of dental caries status and periodontal destruction was found more in study group as (P < 0.05). The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, severity of dental caries status and periodontal destruction was seen more in females as compared to males."
Liu FT - "Effect of estrogen, thyroxin, and their combination on dental caries and salivary glands in ovariectomized and intact female rats" J Dent Res 46(3):471-7 (1967)
Maksimovskiĭ IuM, Terent'eva GB, Tsvil'skaia LA, Ermakova EA - "Incidence and severity of dental caries in children with hypothyroidism" Stomatologiia (Mosk) 61(3):80-2 (1982)
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Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "Experimental Dental Caries. IV. The effect of feeding desiccated thyroid and thiouracil on dental caries in rats" Science (119):687 (1954)
Muhler JC, Bixler D, Shafer WG - "The relationship between fluorine and the activity of the thyroid gland on the incidence of dental caries in the rat" J Dent Res 36: 382 - 385 (1957)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13428894/
Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "The relationship of thyroid activity to the dental caries experience in mice" J Dent Res 37(3):451-2 (1958)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13539253/
Muhler JC, Shafer WG, Clark PG - " Comparison of Effects of Thyropathic Drugs on Experimental Dental Caries and Salivary Gland Function" J Dent Res 42: 768 - 776 (1963)
"In brief review, the induction of a hypothyroid state, either through destruction of the gland by means of I131 or through administration of propylthiouracil, has invariably resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of experimental caries in the rat."
Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "Experimental dental caries. IX. Relationship of thyroid function to dental caries experience in salivary-adenectomized rats" J Dent Res 36(1):95-9 (1957)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13398509/
Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "Experimental dental caries. VIII. Effect of thyroid-testosterone administration on dental caries in rat" Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 88(2):191-3 (1955)
Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "Experimental dental caries. IV. The effect of feeding desiccated thyroid and thiouracil on dental caries in rats" Science 119(3098):687-9 (1954)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13156651/
Muhler JC, Shafer WG - "Effect of desiccated thyroid and thiouracil on dental caries experience of adult rats" Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 102:327-9 (1959)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14425028/
Myers JA - "The Role of Some Nutritional Elements in the Health of the Teeth and their Supporting Structures" Annals of Dentistry XXII(2) (1958)
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Pashaev ChA. - "Association of caries and periodontosis in experimental hyper- and hypothyroidism" Stomatologiia (Mosk) 61(4):13-4 (1982)
Pavlova TV, Peshkova EK, Goncharov IIu, Kolesnikov DA, Nesterov AV - "Impairments in the ultrastructure and macro- and microelement composition of hard tooth tissues in caries in patients with hypothyroidism and in those without thyroid disease" Arkh Patol 76(2):17-21 (2014)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25051720/
"The patients with hypothyroidism were found to have superficial and internal changes in the enamel, dentin, and cement of intact and carious teeth."
Putz Z, Vanuga A, Velemínský J - "Radioimmunoassay of thyroxine in saliva" Exp Clin Endocrinol 85(2):199-203 (1985)
Ryan EJ, Kirkwood S - "Explanation of the Effect of Feeding Desiccated Thyroid on the Incidence of Dental Caries in the Rat" Science 121: 175 - 176 (1955)
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sci ... 1.3136.175
Schneider LC - "The effect of hypothyroidism on caries incidence in adult rats having functioning parathyroid glands" Pharmacol Ther Dent 2(1):43-6 (1975)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1054857/
"Serum calcium were normal in these rats, and external neck I 131 counts confirmed that they were hypothyroid. After maintenance on a cariogenic diet for 3 months, these animals exhibited a higher caries incidence than euthyroid controls."
Shafer WG, Muhler JC, Clark PG - "The effects of desiccated thyroid, propylthiouracil, testosterone, and fluorine on the submaxillary glands of the rat" J Dent Res 35: 922 - 929 (1956)
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.117 ... %200pubmed
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Venkatesh Babu NS, Patel PB - "Oral health status of children suffering from thyroid disorders" J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 34(2):139-44 (2016)"Children with thyroid disorders showed high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease compared to the control group....Enamel defects can be observed in the patients with thyroid dysfunction. These enamel defects can range from small white spots to diffuse or demarcated opacity. Presence of enamel defects is attributed to change in thyroid hormone levels when the teeth are in mineralization phase. In the present study, statistically significant DDE score was found in the thyroid group (0.500) compared to the control group (0.150). Enamel defects were observed both in primary and permanent dentitions." (Venkatesh & Patel, 2016)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27080964/
"Children with thyroid disorders showed high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease compared to the control group."
Venturi S, Venturi M - "Iodine in Evolution of Salivary Glands and in Oral Health" Nutrition and Health 20(2):119–134 (2009)
Vitalle MS, Weiler RM, Niskier SR, Braga AJ - "Delayed tooth eruption in adolescents with hypothyroidism" Rev Paul Pediatr 30:613-6 (2012)
Yamama A, Sulafa K - "Oral health status and dental treatment needs in relation to salivary constituents and parameters among a group of patients with thyroid dysfunction" J Bagh Coll Dent 22:1–4 (2010)
Wespi J - "Goiter and caries prevention in pregnancy" Arch Gynakol 195:378-90 (1961)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13784555/