IgG4 - Related Disease (IgG4 RD)

A forum investigating the similarities between COVID-19 and fluoride poisoning, thyroid dysfunction and Gq/11 pathways.
Post Reply
admin
Site Admin
Posts: 5485
Joined: Tue Jan 18, 2005 10:25 pm

IgG4 - Related Disease (IgG4 RD)

Post by admin »

IgG4 RD
© 2023 PFPC
"IgG4-related disease is an immune-mediated condition, meaning that it involves the occurrence of disease in organs as the result of a dysregulated immune system. Increasing evidence suggests that IgG4-RD is an autoimmune condition, much like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus."
IgG This class of immunoglobulins is the most widespread in extracellular fluids. Their molecules consist of two identical light and two identical heavy chains that are spatially organised into domains. There are four known heavy chains γ distinct in antigens, which form the four subclasses IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4. The antibodies of IgG class are formed mainly during the response to the repeated administration of soluble antigens. They are the only antibodies to cross the human foetal–maternal barrier in the placenta. They activate complement after binding with the antigen (immune complexes) or in the form of self-aggregates (clusters of one’s own molecules). (Dictionary of Rheumatology pp 137–171)

COVID-19

Goda AA, Hefny HM, Esmaeel HM, Fattouh M, Abu Al Fadl EM, Khalifa A, Meghezel EM, Mohammed NA, Ali AH - "Immunoglobulin G antibody immune response profile following infection with SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Egyptian patients" Egypt J Immunol 30(1):49-56 (2023)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36591958/

Vaccination

Stærke NB, Reekie J, Johansen IS, Nielsen H, Benfield T, Wiese L, Søgaard OS, Tolstrup M, Iversen KK, Tarp B, Larsen FD, Larsen L, Lindvig SO, Holden IK, Iversen MB, Knudsen LS, Fogh K, Jakobsen ML, Traytel AK, Ostergaard L, Lundgren J - "Study Group. Cohort Profile:The Danish National Cohort Study of Effectiveness and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (ENFORCE)" BMJ Open 12(12):e069065 (2022)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36585137/

Fluoride

Guo H, Kuang P, Luo Q, Cui H, Deng H, Liu H, Lu Y, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao L - "Effects of sodium fluoride on blood cellular and humoral immunity in mice" Oncotarget 8(49):85504-85515 (2017)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29156736/

Güzel KGU, Kirzioğlu Z, Adiloğlu AK, Ertürk MSÖ - "Effect of fluoride on salivary immunoglobulins and sialic acid" Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 63(4):320-323 (2017)doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.63.04.320
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28614533/

Kuang P, Deng H, Cui H, Chen L, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Wang X, Zhao L - "Sodium fluoride (NaF) causes toxic effects on splenic development in mice" Oncotarget 8(3):4703-4717 (2017) doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13971
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28002795/

Thyroid

Trzos S, Link-Lenczowski P, Sokołowski G, Pocheć E - "Changes of IgG N-Glycosylation in Thyroid Autoimmunity: The Modulatory Effect of Methimazole in Graves' Disease and the Association With the Severity of Inflammation in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis" Front Immunol 13:841710 (2022) doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841710. PMID: 35370997; PMCID: PMC8965101.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35370997/

Yu SH, Kang JG, Kim CS, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Yoo HJ, Lee SJ - "Clinical Implications of Immunoglobulin G4 to Graves' Ophthalmopathy" Thyroid 27(9):1185-1193 (2017) doi: 10.1089/thy.2017.0126
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28805160/
"These results suggest that IgG4 levels are elevated in newly diagnosed GD patients compared with euthyroid subjects and in the presence of GO compared with the absence of GO. Moreover, our findings suggest that IgG4 levels are associated with the development and grade of GO in GD patients."

Gq/11

Hsieh KP, Martin TF - "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors activate phospholipase C by coupling to the guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins Gq and G11" Mol Endocrinol 6(10):1673-81 (1992) doi: 10.1210/mend.6.10.1333052. PMID: 1333052.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1333052/
"In addition, the immunoglobulin G fraction of Gq/11 alpha peptide immune serum specifically inhibited TRH- and GnRH-stimulated PLC activity measured in the membranes of GH3 and alpha T3-1 cells, respectively."

Mashimo M, Fujii M, Sakagawa N, Fukuda Y, Imanaka R, Fujii T - "Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Modulate Interleukin-6 Production and Immunoglobulin Class Switching in Daudi Cells" Biol Pharm Bull 43(12):1950-1953 (2020) doi: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00461. PMID: 33268714.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33268714/

Magro F, Fraga S, Soares-da-Silva P - "Short-term effect on intestinal epithelial Na(+)/H(+) exchanger by Gi(alpha1,2)-coupled 5-HT(1A) and G(q/11)-coupled 5-HT(2) receptors" Life Sci 81(7):560-9 (2007) doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.06.024. Epub 2007 Jul 10. PMID: 17663006.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17663006/

Usui I, Imamura T, Huang J, Satoh H, Olefsky JM - "Cdc42 is a Rho GTPase family member that can mediate insulin signaling to glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes" J Biol Chem 278(16):13765-74 (2003) doi: 10.1074/jbc.M208904200. Epub 2003 Feb 3. PMID: 12566459.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12566459/

More on IgG4 and thyroid conditions:

Jafarzadeh A, Poorgholami M, Izadi N, Nemati M, Rezayati M - "Immunological and hematological changes in patients with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism" Clin Invest Med 33(5):E271-9 (2010) doi: 10.25011/cim.v33i5.14352. PMID: 20926033.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20926033/

Liu L, Yu Y, Chen L, Zhang Y, Lu G, Gao Y, Zhang J - "Clinical differences between IgG4 Hashimoto's thyroiditis and primary thyroid lymphoma" Eur Thyroid J 11(3):e210144 (2022) doi: 10.1530/ETJ-21-0144
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35521776/

Han X, Zhang P, Li J, Liu Z, Lu H, Luo X, Pan B, Lian X, Zeng X, Zhang W, Zeng X - "Clinical features and treatment efficacy for IgG4-related thyroiditis" Orphanet J Rare Dis 16(1):324 (2021) doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01942-x
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34289855/

IgG4RD is closely associated with the activity of CD4 T cells. See:
viewtopic.php?f=66&t=1941&p=2000&hilit=CD4#p2000
Post Reply