© 2020 PFPC
COVID-19
Liu Y, Pang Y, Hu Z, Wu M, Wang C, Feng Z, Mao C, Tan Y, Liu Y, Chen L, Li M, Wang G, Yuan Z, Diao B, Wu Y, Chen Y - "Thymosin alpha 1 (Tα1) reduces the mortality of severe COVID-19 by restoration of lymphocytopenia and reversion of exhausted T cells" Clin Infect Dis (2020)2:ciaa630. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa630.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32442287
Sun Y, Dong Y, Wang L, Xie H, Li B, Chang C, Wang FS - "Characteristics and prognostic factors of disease severity in patients with COVID-19: The Beijing experience" J Autoimmun 102473 (2020) doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102473
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... via%3Dihub
Fluoride
Zhou J, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Xie F, Liu B, Yuan L, Liu X, Sun D, Wei W - "Low-dose fluoride exposure disrupts CD4⁺ T cell balance in humans and rats" Environ Res 122482 (2025) doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.122482
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 5125017347
Guo H, Kuang P, Luo Q, Cui H, Deng H, Liu H, Lu Y, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao L - "Effects of sodium fluoride on blood cellular and humoral immunity in mice" Oncotarget 8(49):85504-85515 (2017) doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.20198
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5689626/
Zhu S, Liu B, Fu G, Yang L, Wei D, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Gao Y, Sun D, Wei W - "PKC-θ is an important driver of fluoride-induced immune imbalance of regulatory T cells/effector T cells" Sci Total Environ 934:173081 (2024). doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173081
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retriev ... 24)03228-5
"The results showed that sex, residence time, smoking, and Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection may indirectly influence fluoride-induced immune damage. In residents of fluoride-exposed areas, there was a significant decrease in CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD4+ and CD8+ cells and a downward trend in the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio."
- PFAS: In utero exposure to per – and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) associates with altered human infant T helper cell development.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101 ... 24317489v1
Rockwell CE, Turley AE, Cheng X, Fields PE, Klaassen CD - "Persistent alterations in immune cell populations and function from a single dose of perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) in C57Bl/6 mice" Food Chem Toxicol 100:24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.12.004
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27939831/
"These data suggest that pro- versus anti-inflammatory effects of AhR may be partially regulated by Gq/11 receptors including GPR68."
McAleer JP, Fan J, Roar B, Primerano DA, Denvir J - "Cytokine Regulation in Human CD4 T Cells by the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Gq-Coupled Receptors" Sci Rep 8(1):10954 (2018) doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29262-4
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6053392/
Thyroid
Sterle HA, Barreiro Arcos ML, Valli E, Paulazo MA, Méndez Huergo SP, Blidner AG, Cayrol F, Díaz Flaqué MC, Klecha AJ, Medina VA, Colombo L, Rabinovich GA, Cremaschi GA - "The thyroid status reprograms T cell lymphoma growth and modulates immune cell frequencies" J Mol Med (Berl) 94(4):417-29 (2016) doi: 10.1007/s00109-015-1363-2
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26564151/
Barreiro Arcos ML, Sterle HA, Paulazo MA, Valli E, Klecha AJ, Isse B, Pellizas CG, Farias RN, Cremaschi GA - "Cooperative nongenomic and genomic actions on thyroid hormone mediated-modulation of T cell proliferation involve up-regulation of thyroid hormone receptor and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression" J Cell Physiol 226(12):3208-18 (2011) doi: 10.1002/jcp.22681
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs ... /jcp.22681