© 2020 PFPC
COVID-19
"CD4+ T, CD8+ T, IL-6, IL-10 and PII can be used as indicators of disease evolution, and the PII can be used as an independent indicator for disease progression of COVID-19."
Wan S, Yi Q, Fan S, Lv J, Zhang X, Guo L, Lang C, Xiao Q, Xiao K, Yi Z, Qiang M, Xiang J, Zhang B, Chen Y, Gao C - "Relationships among lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and the pulmonary inflammation index in coronavirus (COVID-19) infected patients" Br J Haematol 189(3):428-437 (2020) doi: 10.1111/bjh.16659. Epub 2020 Apr 20. PMID: 32297671.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32297671/
Fluoride
Depending on dose and tissue, fluoride may cause decreased or increased IL-10 levels.
Luo Q, Cui H, Deng H, Kuang P, Liu H, Lu Y, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao L - " Sodium fluoride induces renal inflammatory responses by activating NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in mice" Oncotarget 8(46):80192-80207 (2017) doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.19006. PMID: 29113295; PMCID: PMC5655190.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29113295/
"Thus, protein expression levels of IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and IL-10 protein expression levels were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01)."
Kuang P, Deng H, Cui H, Chen L, Guo H, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Wang X, Zhao L - "Suppressive effects of sodium fluoride on cultured splenic lymphocyte proliferation in mice" Oncotarget 7(38):61905-61915 (2016) doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.11308. PMID: 27542206; PMCID: PMC5308699.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27542206/
Guo H, Kuang P, Luo Q, Cui H, Deng H, Liu H, Lu Y, Fang J, Zuo Z, Deng J, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao L - "Effects of sodium fluoride on blood cellular and humoral immunity in mice" Oncotarget 8(49):85504-85515 (2017) doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.20198. PMID: 29156736; PMCID: PMC5689626.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5689626/
Yin S, Wu H, Song C, Chen X, Zhang Y - "Modulation and the Underlying Mechanism of T Cells in Thymus of Mice by Oral Administration of Sodium Fluoride." Biol Trace Elem Res 170(1):194-200 (2016) doi: 10.1007/s12011-015-0458-5. Epub 2015 Aug 13. PMID: 26267553.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26267553/
Gq/11
"These data suggest that pro- versus anti-inflammatory effects of AhR may be partially regulated by Gq/11 receptors including GPR68. We speculate this pathway may regulate inflammation in peripheral tissues with extracellular acidification."
McAleer JP, Fan J, Roar B, Primerano DA, Denvir J - "Cytokine Regulation in Human CD4 T Cells by the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Gq-Coupled Receptors" Sci Rep 8(1):10954 (2018) doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29262-4. PMID: 30026493; PMCID: PMC6053392
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6053392/
He Y, Yuan X, Li Y, Zhong C, Liu Y, Qian H, Xuan J, Duan L, Shi G - "Loss of Gαq impairs regulatory B-cell function" Arthritis Res Ther 20(1):186. (2018) doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1682-0. PMID: 30143054; PMCID: PMC6109260
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30143054
Thyroid
"There was a significant decrease in TSH over time (P < 0.0001), (initial levels were on average 32.4 μIU/mL and 10.5 μIU/mL at 12 months). There was a significant increase in FT4 (P < 0.0001) (initial levels were on average 0,8 ng/dL and 2.7 ng/dL at 12 months). There were significant changes in interleukin levels over time, with a significant increase in IL-10 (P < 0.0001) and significant decreases in IL-1 (P < 0.0001), IL-6 (P < 0.0001), INF-γ (P < 0.0001) and TNF-α (P < 0.0001)."
Marchiori RC, Pereira LA, Naujorks AA, Rovaris DL, Meinerz DF, Duarte MM, Rocha JB - "Improvement of blood inflammatory marker levels in patients with hypothyroidism under levothyroxine treatment" BMC Endocr Disord 15:32 (2015) doi: 10.1186/s12902-015-0032-3. PMID: 26100072; PMCID: PMC4476077.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26100072/
Fluoride is a TSH agonist - compare Marchiori et al., to Kuang et al., above.