Considering the fluoride-iodine antagonism...

FAQ on Salt Fluoridation
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Considering the fluoride-iodine antagonism...

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Considering the fluoride-iodine antagonism, how can there be both fluoride and iodine in salt?

Dentists - seemingly entirely ignorant of the fluoride-iodine antagonism and apparently lacking all awareness that one influences the other! - have long promoted fluoridated salt programs comparing the “benefits” to the iodized salt programs, and promoted fluoride in salt as if it was as essential as iodine - which of course it is not - the opposite is the case. Not only is fluoride not essential at all - fluorides are iodine’s worst enemy.

“Now salt can be a carrier of two substances of great benefit to mankind”, it is said. Here is a typical statement by Dr. Hernandez, the co-ordinator of the fluoridated salt program in Mexico:

“The salt fluoridation and iodization is a unique chance of combining two chemical elements (iodine and fluorine) and thus prevent two important diseases: the endemic goiter and the dental caries, respectively.” (Hernandez, 1993)

How anyone could ever equal caries to iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in importance is already incomprehensible - how one can further be entirely ignorant of the antagonistic relationship of the “two chemical elements” borders on the incredible.

Marthaler, in his 2000 report on salt fluoridation, actually produces tables comparing the roles of iodine and fluoride in human health as if they were of equal importance!

In the 1940s, German endocrinologists and pharmacists thought that the relationship of fluoride to iodine in the blood was somewhere around the 7 to 1 ratio, based on extensive investigations on the use of fluorides as effective anti-thyroid medication in the treatment of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism (Jod Basedow).

Keeping the above in mind it is not surprising that in Switzerland the iodine content of table salt has been increasing progressively over the last four decades, concurrent with increasing fluoride intake. The latest raise in iodine content was from 15 ppm to 20 - 30 ppm in 1998 (ICCIDD). Fluoride content in salt which originally started out at 90 ppm in 1955, is now at 250 ppm.

Considering how much evidence is available, documenting the effects of fluoride on thyroid hormones, it is simply bewildering how public health officials the world over have been blindsighted by dentists and have allowed the inclusion of fluoride in iodized salt programs.

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PFPC Fluoridated Salt FAQ - © 2004 PFPC

REFERENCES:

Clarkson JJ, McLoughlin N - “Role of fluoride in oral health promotion” International Dental Journal 50:119-128 (2000)

EAPD (European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry) - “Guidelines on the use of fluoride in children: an EAPD policy document” (2000)

Estupinan-Day SR, Baez R, Horowitz H, Warpeha R, Sutherland B, Thamer M - "Salt fluoridation and dental caries in Jamaica" Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 29(4):247-52 (2001)

Fabien V, Obry-Musset AM, Hedelin G, Cahen PM - "Caries prevalence and salt fluoridation among 9-year-old schoolchildren in Strasbourg, France" Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 24(6):408-11 (1996)

Hernandez LP - “Prevention of dental caries through salt fluoridation in Mexico” CEDROS Newsletter Year II, N.3 (1993)

Hescot P - “Fluoridated Salt: A Measure Of Public Health In France” CEDROS Newsletter Year I, N.1 (1992)

ICCIDD - Switzerland Data

k+s Report 2000 (in German)

Kunzel W - "Systemic use of fluoride - other methods: salt, sugar, milk etc." Caries Research 27 (suppl.1):16-22 (1993)

Macpherson LM, Stephen KW - "The effect on human salivary fluoride concentration of consuming fluoridated salt-containing baked food items" Arch Oral Biol 46(10):983-8 (2001) Link

Marthaler TM- "Salt fluoridation: effectiveness against dental caries and practical results in Latin America and Europe" (2001)

Marthaler TM - “Salt fluoridation in Europe, comparisons with Latin America” 8th World Salt Symposium (2000); Volume 2: 1021-1026 (2000)

Marthaler (in German)
Under the heading: Zur Toxizität der Fluoride - derzeitiger Stand der Erkenntnis

Meyer-Lueckel H, Satzinger T, Kielbassa AM - “Caries prevalence among 6- to 16-year-old students in Jamaica 12 years after the Introduction of salt fluoridation” Caries Res 36(3):170-3 (2002)

Menghini G, Steiner M, Marthaler T, Helfenstein U, Brodowski D, Imfeld C, Weber R, Imfeld T - "Caries prevalence among students in 16 Zurich districts in the years 1992 to 2000" Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 113(3):267-77 (2003)

Milner T, Estupiñán-Day D - “Overview of Salt Fluoridation in the Region of the Americas: Part II. The Status of Salt Production, Quality & Marketing and the State of Technology Development for Salt Fluoridation” Salt 2000, 8th World Salt Symposium, Volume 2, pg 1033-1038 (2000)

PAHO - General Guidelines for Drafting a Legal Framework: Mandatory Iodization and Fluoridation of Salt for Human Consumption Division of Health Systems and Services Development Regional Program on Oral Health (November 2001)

PAHO Press Release, Aug. 23, 1996
http://poisonfluoride.com/pfpc/html/paho_1996.html

Pollick H - “Questions and Answers on Water Fluoridation - Prepared by Howard Pollick, BDS, MPH (2004)

Reuters Health - “Fluoride in Table Salt Cuts Tooth Decay in Jamaica”, Aug. 21, 2001

Salas MT - Fluoridated Salt - CEDROS Newsletter, Year III,N.5 (1994)

Soto-Rojas AE, Urena-Cirett JL, Martinez-Mier Ede L - "A review of the prevalence of dental fluorosis in Mexico" Rev Panam Salud Publica 15(1):9-18 (2004)

Stephen KW, Macpherson LM, Gorzo I, Gilmour WH - “Caries, fluorosis and salt fluoridation in the city of Szeged” Fogorv Sz 91(8-9):275-80 (1998)

SVE (Schweizerische Vereinigung fuer Ernaehrung) - Streit ums Salz, Tabula 3 (1999)

Tovar LR, Guttierrez Ma E, Cruz G - "Fluoride content by ion chromatography using a suppressed conductivity detector and osmolality of bitterns discharged into the pacific ocean from a saltworks: Feasable causal agents in the mortality of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Ojo de Liebre lagoon, Baja California Sur, Mexico" Analytical Sciences Vol.18:1003 (2002)

UNICEF - "Fluoride in water: An overview" (2001)

UK Food Standards - Salt & Health (Complete Report)
Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) (2003)

UK Food Standards Press Release (May 15, 2003)

WHO - "Salt Fluoridation Programme to prevent dental caries in Jamaica" (2002)

WHO - “Fluorides and Human Health” Report of a WHO Expert Committee on Oral Health Status and Fluoride Use. WHO Technical Report Series, 846. Geneva: WHO, 1994

Yewe-Dyer M - "My view on fluoridation" BDJ 192(10):551-553 (2002)
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