2021 - High fluoride reduces Vit D in pregnant women

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2021 - High fluoride reduces Vit D in pregnant women

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Thippeswamy HM, Devananda D, Nanditha Kumar M, Wormald MM, Prashanth SN - "The association of fluoride in drinking water with serum calcium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in pregnant women and newborn infants" Eur J Clin Nutr 75(1):151-159 (2021)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-020-00707-2

Abstract

Background
Chronic exposure to fluoride in drinking water causes an increase in plasma fluoride levels that is related to a reduction in calcium transport across the renal tubule endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. In the present study, it was hypothesised that varying levels of fluoride present in drinking water are associated with serum levels of calcium and the related hormones vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in pregnant women and newborn infants.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included two groups based on the fluoride concentration in drinking water. One group was considered low/optimum in which the fluoride concentration in drinking water was <1 ppm, and the other group was considered a high fluoride group with ≥1 ppm fluoride in drinking water. In each group, 90 pregnant women were recruited at the hospital during delivery. The participants were given a questionnaire regarding their medical history, sunshine exposure duration, and supplement use and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Fluoride was measured in drinking water, urine, maternal serum and cord blood. Serum calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone were measured in a fully automated analyser.

Results
In pregnant women, drinking water that contained fluoride was significantly positively correlated with urine and blood serum. Low mean concentrations of vitamin D and deficient (<10 ng/ml) vitamin D were more prevalent among the high fluoride group irrespective of diet, sunshine exposure and supplementation. Serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were significantly lower in the high fluoride group than in the low/optimum fluoride group in both pregnant mothers’ blood and cord blood.

Conclusions
Drinking water with high fluoride levels was significantly associated with calcium and the related hormones vitamin D and parathyroid hormone.

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Ed. Note:

SEE also [Fluoride = TSH]:

Taneja K, Patel S, Kaur A - "Association of Vitamin D with Thyroid Status in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" Clin Lab 67(6) (2021)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34107621/

"Results: Vitamin D insufficiency was greater in females (89.6%) than in males (78.5%). Females were observed to have significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels (18.7 ± 9.5 versus 20.62 ± 10.2 ng/mL) and higher serum TSH values (2.5 ± 1.25 versus 2.25 ± 1.16 mIU/L) as compared to males. The serum TSH level in the vitamin D sufficiency group were significantly lower than those in the vitamin D insufficiency group (2.39 ± 1.22 versus 2.12 ± 1.1 mIU/ L). Further, age was the only significant predictor of TSH levels. Meanwhile, no predictor was identified for vitamin D levels.

Conclusions: Although no association was observed between TSH and vitamin D levels, TSH was observed to be significantly higher in the vitamin D insufficient group than the vitamin D sufficient group. It warrants further studies to ascertain the role of vitamin D in regulating thyroid hormones considering the thyroid autoimmune status of the individuals as well."
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Shan X, Liu C, Luo X, Zou Y, Huang L, Zhou W, Qin Q, Mao D, Li M, Yang L - "Iodine Nutritional Status and Related Factors among Chinese School-Age Children in Three Different Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study" Nutrients 13(5):1404 (2021)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8143470/

Abstract
We evaluated the iodine nutritional status and related factors among school-age children based on the 2016 National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Women; 3808 children from Hebei, Guangxi, and Zhejiang province were included in the study. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), body mass index (BMI), vitamin A (VA), and vitamin D (VD) were measured. The abnormal rate of UIC and TSH were assessed. Relationships between UIC/TSH and the possible factors were analyzed. The overall median UIC was 185.14 µg/L, and the median UIC of children aged 8-10 was 164.60 µg/L. Prevalence of iodine deficiency and excess was 13.84% and 14.36%, respectively, and 12.87% of children showed TSH excess. UIC, as well as the abnormal rates of iodine deficiency (ID) and TSH, were significantly different among the three provinces. The median UICs and excess rates increased with age, reaching 211.45 µg/L and 21.35% at age of 14~, while TSH showed the opposite trend. Overweight children tended to have lower UIC and higher TSH. Higher UIC and TSH were found in VA sufficient group (p < 0.01). Further, the VD deficient group had a higher TSH compared to the sufficient group (p < 0.01). Moreover, UI and TSH distribution was obviously different among different vitamin A/D status (p < 0.05). Although the median UIC of school-age children was optimal, there were pockets of inadequate and excessive UI in the three provinces. Compared to the national IDD monitoring results in 2014, the iodine nutritional status of children was greatly improved. Considerations of region, age, BMI, VA, or VD are needed.

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