Shi XQ, Wang KY, Li H, He P, Yang LP - "Combined effects of fluoride and aluminum on liver function of mice" J Environ Health 24(11):857-860 (2007)
目的探讨氟铝联合染毒对小鼠肝脏的毒性效应及其可能机制。方法将清洁级昆明种小鼠随机分为对照组(自来水)、低氟(LF)组(氟含量为50mg/L)、低铝(LAl)组(铝含量为200mg/L)、高氟(HF)组(氟含量为150mg/L)、高铝(HAl)组(铝含量为600mg/L)、低氟低铝(LF+LAl)组(氟含量为50mg/L,铝含量为200mg/L)、低氟高铝(LF+HAl)组(氟含量为50mg/L,铝含量为600mg/L)、高氟低铝(HF+LAl)组(氟含量为150mg/L,铝含量为200mg/L)、高氟高铝(HF+HAl)组(氟含量为150mg/L,铝含量为600mg/L),每组雌、雄各8只,自由饮用相应浓度的含氟和(或)铝的水,24周后,检测肝功能(血清丙氨酸和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活力、总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、白蛋白)和血清中钙、磷、镁的含量。结果不同剂量单独染氟及氟铝联合染毒时各组间肝功能指标差异有统计学意义(氟单独染毒:F=2.61,P<0.01;氟铝联合染毒:F=3.12,P<0.01),不同剂量单独染铝时肝功能指标改变无统计学意义(F=1.73,P>0.05)。除HF+HAl组外,LF组、LAl组、HF组、HAl组、LF+LAl组,LF+Hal组,HF+LAl组血清钙含量均低于对照组。各组血磷、血镁含量间,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论氟、铝联合染毒对肝脏存在毒性,高氟高铝联合染毒较单独染毒时表现为拮抗作用,这可能与其干扰体内钙的代谢有关。
Abstract
Objective
To investigate the toxic effects of combined fluoride and aluminum exposure on the liver of mice and explore possible mechanisms.
Methods
Clean-grade Kunming mice were randomly divided into nine groups:
Control group (tap water),
Low-fluoride (LF, 50 mg/L fluoride),
Low-aluminum (LAl, 200 mg/L aluminum),
High-fluoride (HF, 150 mg/L fluoride),
High-aluminum (HAl, 600 mg/L aluminum),
Low-fluoride + low-aluminum (LF+LAl, 50 mg/L fluoride + 200 mg/L aluminum),
Low-fluoride + high-aluminum (LF+HAl, 50 mg/L fluoride + 600 mg/L aluminum),
High-fluoride + low-aluminum (HF+LAl, 150 mg/L fluoride + 200 mg/L aluminum),
High-fluoride + high-aluminum (HF+HAl, 150 mg/L fluoride + 600 mg/L aluminum).
Each group included 8 males and 8 females. The mice were allowed free access to the corresponding water for 24 weeks. After exposure, liver function indicators were measured: serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), albumin (ALB), as well as serum calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium.
Results
Significant differences in liver function indicators were observed among groups with single fluoride exposure (F = 2.61, P<0.01) and combined fluoride–aluminum exposure (F = 3.12, P<0.01).
No significant differences were seen among groups with single aluminum exposure (F = 1.73, P>0.05).
Except for the HF+HAl group, serum calcium levels in the LF, LAl, HF, HAl, LF+LAl, LF+HAl, and HF+LAl groups were all lower than in the control group.
No significant differences were found in serum phosphorus and magnesium levels among groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion
Combined exposure to fluoride and aluminum has toxic effects on the liver. High-fluoride + high-aluminum exposure showed antagonistic effects compared with single exposures, which may be related to interference with calcium metabolism in the body.