© 2020 PFPC
COVID-19
"High levels of IL-6 and IL-8 during treatment were observed in patients with severe or critical disease and correlated with decreased lymphocyte count."
Zhang X, Tan Y, Ling Y, Lu G, Liu F, Yi Z, Jia X, Wu M, Shi B, Xu S, Chen J, Wang W, Chen B, Jiang L, Yu S, Lu J, Wang J, Xu M, Yuan Z, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Zhao G, Wang S, Chen S, Lu H - "Viral and host factors related to the clinical outcome of COVID-19" Nature (2020) doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2355-0. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32434211.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32434211
Fluoride
Refsnes M, Thrane EV, Låg M, Thoresen GH, Schwarze PE - "Mechanisms in fluoride-induced interleukin-8 synthesis in human lung epithelial cells" Toxicology 167(2):145-58 (2001) doi: 10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00448-6 PMID: 11567778
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11567778/
Refsnes M, Skuland T, Schwarze PE, Øvrevik J, Låg M - "Fluoride-induced IL-8 release in human epithelial lung cells: relationship to EGF-receptor-, SRC- and MAP-kinase activation" Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 227(1):56-67 (2008) doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.09.022. Epub 2007 Oct 3. PMID: 17996917
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17996917
Refsnes M, Becher R, Lag M, Skuland T, Schwarze PE - "Fluoride-induced interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 synthesis in human epithelial lung cells" Hum Exp Toxicol 18(11):645-52 (1999)
"Exposure to fluorides has been associated with asthmatic symptoms among workers in the aluminium industry. In a recent experimental study hydrogen fluoride (HF) was found to induce a weak inflammatory response in humans. In the present study the potential of sodium fluoride (NaF) and HF to induce cytokine response was examined and how these responses are modulated by Al3+ in a human epithelial lung cell line (A549). Dose-response experiments showed a maximal release of IL-6 and IL-8 at a concentration of 5 mM NaF 24 h after addition. The responses to HF were of a similar magnitude as for NaF. Time-course experiments showed a NaF-induced IL-6 response at 5 h, whereas an IL-8 response was observed after 10 h. Cycloheximide treatment completely abolished the NaF-induced cytokine responses. A marked increase in the mRNA level for IL-6 was observed already 2 h after exposure to 5 mM NaF, and presumably is a prerequisite for the subsequent increase of IL-6. The fluoride-induced effects on IL-6 and IL-8 release were strongly reduced by pretreatment with deferoxamine (an Al3+-chelator), and enhanced by addition of Al3+. This indicates that an AlF4-- complex, a known activator of GTP-binding proteins, is involved in fluoride-induced IL-6 and IL-8 responses in A549 cells."
Thyroid
"Notably, higher levels of serum IL-1β, IL-2, and GM-CSF at baseline, and early decrease of IL-8, G-CSF, and MCP-1 were significantly associated in the development of thyroid irAE (P < .05)."
Kurimoto C, Inaba H, Ariyasu H, Iwakura H, Ueda Y, Uraki S, Takeshima K, Furukawa Y, Morita S, Yamamoto Y, Yamashita S, Katsuda M, Hayata A, Akamatsu H, Jinnin M, Hara I, Yamaue H, Akamizu T - "Predictive and sensitive biomarkers for thyroid dysfunctions during treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors" Cancer Sci 111(5):1468-1477 (2020) doi: 10.1111/cas.14363. Epub 2020 Mar 17. PMID: 32086984; PMCID: PMC7226278
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32086984/