© 2021 PFPC
Serum PECAM-1 levels are significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than in healthy controls, and also higher than in asymptomatic carriers, and are positively correlated with disease severity (Li et al., 2021; Seery et al., 2021).
COVID-19
Li L, Huang M, Shen J, Wang Y, Wang R, Yuan C, Jiang L, Huang M - "Serum Levels of Soluble Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 in COVID-19 Patients Are Associated With Disease Severity" J Infect Dis 223(1):178-179 (2021)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl ... iaa642.pdf
Seery V, Raiden SC, Algieri SC, Grisolía NA, Filippo D, De Carli N, Di Lalla S, Cairoli H, Chiolo MJ, Meregalli CN, Gimenez LI, Gregorio G, Sarli M, Alcalde AL, Davenport C, Bruera MJ, Simaz N, Pérez MF, Nivela V, Bayle C, Tuccillo P, Agosta MT, Pérez H, Villa Nova S, Suárez P, Takata EM, García M, Lattner J, Rolón MJ, Coll P, Sananez I, Holgado MP, Ferrero F, Geffner J, Arruvito L; 1 in behalf of the COVID-19 Naval Pediatric Workgroup and in behalf of the COVID-19, Fernández Pediatric Residency Workgroup - "Blood neutrophils from children with COVID-19 exhibit both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers" EBioMedicine. 2021 May;67:103357. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103357
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33979758/
Raghavan S, Kenchappa DB, Leo MD - "SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induces Degradation of Junctional Proteins That Maintain Endothelial Barrier Integrity" Front Cardiovasc Med 8:687783 (2021)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34179146/
"PECAM-... decreased significantly after Spike treatment in control and to a greater extent, in diabetic cells...In conclusion, these experiments reveal that Spike-induced degradation of endothelial junctional proteins affects endothelial barrier function and is the likely cause of vascular damage observed in COVID-19 affected individuals." (also in Vaccination)
Fluoride
Yeh JC, Otte LA, Frangos JA - "Regulation of G protein-coupled receptor activities by the platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule, PECAM-1" Biochemistry 47(34):9029-39 (2008)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18672896/
"AlF4-treatment of FLAG-tagged PECAM1-transfected HEK293 cells caused a reduction (approximately 30%) in the level of GRq detected in anti-FLAG immunoprecipitated fractions (Figure 6), indicating that activation of G protein R subunits causes partial dissociation of GRq from the PECAM-1 complex."
Dvoráková-Hortová K, Sandera M, Jursová M, Vasinová J, Peknicová J - "The influence of fluorides on mouse sperm capacitation" Anim Reprod Sci. 108(1-2):157-70 (2008)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17884311/
- Nixon B, Paul JW, Spiller CM, Attwell-Heap AG, Ashman LK, Aitken RJ - "Evidence for the involvement of PECAM-1 in a receptor mediated signal-transduction pathway regulating capacitation-associated tyrosine phosphorylation in human spermatozoa" J Cell Sci 118(Pt 20):4865-77 (2005)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16219692/
- SEE ALSO: Szczepański M, Kamianowska M, Kamianowski G - "Effects of fluorides on apoptosis and activation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells" Oral Dis. 18(3):280-4 (2012)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10. ... 11.01873.x
Gq/11
Otte LA, Bell KS, Loufrani L, Yeh JC, Melchior B, Dao DN, Stevens HY, White CR, Frangos JA - "Rapid changes in shear stress induce dissociation of a G alpha(q/11)-platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 complex" J Physiol 587(Pt 10):2365-73 (2009) doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.172643. Epub 2009 Mar 30. PMID: 19332487; PMCID: PMC2697304.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19332487/
"These results allow us to conclude that G alpha(q/11)-PECAM-1 forms a mechanosensitive complex and its localization suggests the G alpha(q/11)-PECAM-1 complex is a critical mediator of vascular diseases."
dela Paz NG, Melchior B, Shayo FY, Frangos JA - "Heparan sulfates mediate the interaction between platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and the Gαq/11 subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins" J Biol Chem 289(11):7413-24 (2014) doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.542514. Epub 2014 Feb 4. PMID: 24497640; PMCID: PMC3953256
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24497640/
"The endothelial cell-cell junction has emerged as a major cell signaling structure that responds to shear stress by eliciting the activation of signaling pathways."
SEE: N-Terminal
Yeh JC, Otte LA, Frangos JA - "Regulation of G protein-coupled receptor activities by the platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule, PECAM-1" Biochemistry 47(34):9029-39 (2008)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18672896/
"It is becoming increasingly evident that the cell-cell junction is a major signaling center. Here we show that the Galphaq/11 subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins forms a complex with platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1), a junctional protein that has been shown to be involved in mechanosignaling in endothelial cells."
Thyroid
Berezin AE, Kremzer AA, Martovitskaya YV, Samura TA, Berezina TA - "The Association of Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Pattern of Circulating Endothelial-Derived Microparticles Among Chronic Heart Failure Patients" Res Cardiovasc Med 4(4):e29094 (2015)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26528453/
"Circulating CD31+/annexin V+ EMPs were higher in patients with SH [subclinical hypothyroidism] compared to those without SH."
Berezin AE, Kremzer AA, Martovitskaya YV, Samura TA, Berezina TA - "Pattern of circulating endothelial-derived microparticles among chronic heart failure patients with dysmetabolic comorbidities: The impact of subclinical hypothyroidism" Diabetes Metab Syndr 10(1):29-36 (2016)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26319410/
Schlenker EH, Hora M, Liu Y, Redetzke RA, Morkin E, Gerdes AM - "Effects of thyroidectomy, T4, and DITPA replacement on brain blood vessel density in adult rats" Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 294(5):R1504-9 (2008)
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/ful ... 00027.2008?
SEE:
ICAM-3
VCAM-1. viewtopic.php?f=66&t=3522